ENDOSCOPES Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

ENDOSCOPES - Essay Example In operative endoscopes, an additional channel to allow entry of medical instruments to biopsy or to facilitate tissue and other operations (Wikipedia, 2006). The endoscope also provides visual examination of the interior of the body through a natural body opening such as the throat or rectum. Since the endoscope can be inserted through a very small opening, it is a less invasive method than other surgical techniques, causing less scarring and a quicker recovery time. A camera or video recorder is often used during an endoscopic procedure to provide permanent records of internal organs, which may be used for later reference (rosemont.com., N.D). Endoscopic surgery has been used for decades in a number of different procedures, including gallbladder removal, tubal ligation, and knee surgery. However, in recent years endoscopic instruments are also used for plastic surgery. As important research continues, endoscopy is being used on a limited basis for both cosmetic and reconstructive procedures (ASPS, 2006). There are two main uses of endoscopy - diagnostic and therapeutic. In case of a suspected tumour or other disorder in the stomach, bladder, lungs or other organs endoscopy can be used for examination. In addition to studying the organ, the physician is able to take a biopsy sample (a small piece of suspicious tissue) for testing. In earlier days biopsy required major surgery. Endoscopy is valuable in the removal of polyps (small growths), treatment of knee joint and other joint disorders, and inspection as well as treatment of the bronchi, colon, female reproductive organs and gastrointestinal tract (rosemont.com., N.D). All surgery carries risks and every incision leaves a scar. However, with endoscopic surgery, the scars are likely to be hidden, much smaller and some of the after effects of surgery may be minimized. As the incisions are shorter with endoscopy, the risk of sensory loss from nerve damage is decreased. Also, bleeding, bruising and

The Impact Of Smart Phones On Society English Language Essay

The Impact Of Smart Phones On Society English Language Essay Today people of the world have a new addiction. This new addiction is known as the smartphone. The smartphones of today have so many features that the owners of them can hardly seem to put them down just for a second. These smartphones not only offer some of the same features that a personal computer would, but they also provide a very high level of entertainment. Even with all the capabilities that smartphones offer they still require and great level of understanding and responsibility. The purpose of this paper is to help others understand the direction of smartphone technology, the ways smartphone technology changes society, understand the impact of change and manner in which we live our lives, and how smartphones could potentially create hazardous situations. The impact of smart phone on society People tend to have a busy life in these days due to job, school and personal issues. Therefore, they prefer to have a mobile device which satisfies their needs to stay in touch and be reachable at anytime. Smart phone is one of those mobile devices which allow its users to be able to communicate and exchange information such as text, document, picture, and video through internet or mobile networks. Smart phones have brought a whole new meaning to the term multitasking. Before, it was impossible to keep connected with co-workers in your office while you were at the grocery store picking up some necessary items. You could never have had a three-way business conference while you were preparing dinner or been able to deal with a business client from home while caring for a sick child. Smart phones have enabled us to do various tasks at the same time. Because of its portable, people seems to be more comfortable using smart phone as a primary communication device than desktop or home phon e. Furthermore, it is an efficient and discreet way to communicate with friends and family members. However, not only these smart phones have positive impacts on our society, but it also carries negative impacts as well; and mobile phone radiation is one of its examples. In assessing the positive impact of smart phones on our society, there are two major areas which have vastly affected by smart phones, and they are business and socialization. Over the past couple years, the number who use smart phones has been increased rapidly. According to one research companys longitudinal surveys, about 42 percent of Americans owned smart phones in December 2009 (mobilehealthnews, 2010). And it will continue to grow in the next decade as Cody Barbierri has mentioned in his article smart phones are one of the hottest growth sectors in our economy right now. Usage continues to grow, even after significant growth over the past two years (Cody Barbierri, 2010). With huge powerful applications, smart phones allow its users to stay in touch with their work and extend their social connection in many ways. Many of the smart phones applications available today will not impact a majority of peoples lives; but it does impact groups of people who take advantage of it, inclu ded businessmen. Because of the requirement of the economy, many businessmen prefer to have a smart phone which allows them to keep connect with their business clients, checking e-mail, texting or browsing web while they are on the road. In reality, because of its portable, smart phones lets more people contact their office under many circumstances. It has enabled users to keep connect to anyone at anytime from almost anywhere. Based on the survey by Harris Interactive website: 60 percent of workers contact the office with a smart phone or mobile device while on vacation (Dennis McCafferty, 2010). In addition, 62 percent of workers use these devices to attend to business matters during a meal (Dennis McCafferty, 2010). On the other hand, workers are more comfortable to communicate and access to the internet by using smart phones than any primary computing device while they are not in the office. As a slogan for all smart phones users your life is in your pocket, more people are attracted to these devices which own a lot of useful features. Further than that, the latest generation of smart phones have provided more great social applications and powerful entertaining function to anyone who love social network. In fact, today more people like to be able to connect to their friends through social networks. These social networks are a new trend in online communication. Therefore, Facebook, Myspace, and Twitter apps have became a standard requirement for people who would like to own a smart phone and teenager are among those people. According to the Harris Interactive study, second to clothing, teens say a smart phone tells the most about a persons social status or popularity, outranking jewelry, watches and shoes (Wirelessandmobilenews, 2010). Based on the study above, smart phones are becoming a social necessity which teens cannot be without. On the other hand, a majority group of teens views their smart phone as the key to their social life. From texting to talking, and logging on to social networking sites, teens carry smart phones to have access to friends, family and current events. That is the reason why broadband connections, web browsers, e-book readers, office apps, maps of the world, motion sensors, HD video cameras, GPS are the most great features which all smart phones bring it to users. Imagine the time before the appearance of the smart phone; it was impossible to shop online during lunch time without a PC or laptop. However, with the support of smart phones, shopping online in these days is as easy as making a phone call. In addition, real-time video calls empower people to not only talk to each other while on the move, but also see what each other means through their facial expressions. Therefore, smart phone is an important device which people cannot leave home without it. In my opinion, smart phone with useful applications will replace the PC as primary connected-computing device in next decade. There is no little doubt that smart phones have definitely made our lives much more convenient in many ways. However, smart phones have also changed the way that people interact with each other. Smart phones allow its users to be in a conversation without showing their personal expressions. Unlike a face-to-face conversation where one requires direct eye contact, smart phones enables user to say things through instant messaging that you wouldnt dare say in face-to-face contact or even on the telephone where you can hear each others voice (Harmon, 2003). That is the reason why people use smart phones for discussion, which they prefer not to have in person. As a result, we are beginning to lose the face-to-face contact that was such an important part of our lives in the past. The contact with real-time voice call is being replaced by multimedia messages application of smart phones. Not only change the way that people contact each other, but smart phones also emit radiation which some b elieve may be harmful to human health. The emission of radiation from mobile phone may cause serious damages to human in long-term since it uses electromagnetic radiation in the microwave range. That is the reason why mobile phone are often prohibited in hospitals and on airplanes, as the radiofrequency signals may interfere with medical devices and navigation systems. In addition, sexual soliciting through mobile device is also a negative impact which smart phones have brought it to users. This issue is increasing at a rapid rate and becoming one of the biggest fear to children and their parents. According to US researchers, children sexual solicitations were reported via social networking sites is 27 per cent in 2008 (Ybarra Mitcell, 2008). Although most of these incidents took place among teenage girls, many of them took place among under aged boys who are a target of homosexuals as well. The problem in this issue is online criminals who use smart phones to exchange their sexual material. The rise in this crime is often attributed to one main cause. That is many children, generally in their teenage years, may be very curious or interested in sexual materials or information. Therefore, they often use social networks to find answers to those questions which they may be too embarrassed to discuss with their parents or other family members. That is the reason why many online criminals have targeted young people in this group of age. They are aware of these needs and desires, so they use their knowledge to lure teens into a sexual conversation. According to researchers in Sean Alfano article, they did find that in more than a quarter of the solicitations, youths were asked to submit sexual photographs of themselves, some of which may be a crime under federal child-pornography laws (2006). As a result, it would be no surprise that smart phones is a useful device for online criminal to be able to drag teenagers into a sexual conversation, or to exchange sexual video. Therefore, the concern of parent to their childrens activity should be a necessity. It is very important to tell teenagers about the negative aspect of sexual conversation with strangers through mobile phones. As a useful mobile device for modern society, smart phone is the most productive technology that I have ever seen. Not only provides a lot of powerful features, but smart phone is also an important mobile device which a group of people cannot leave home without it. However, smart phones also have some negative impacts as well. Therefore, people should consider before own it. To understand the direction of Smartphone technology From a wireless companys point of view, they have to understand many things about smartphones in order to be considered as an elite or successful retailer. They must have a clear understanding of the direction in which smartphones are heading. This includes things such as: the progression of smartphones, competition, and adaptability. We live in a world today that relies on data communications. Smartphones can assists users in many different ways when it comes to data needs. Since the Smartphone has come into existence, it has constantly evolved into an improving piece of technology. This is something that will always occur in regards to smartphones, because companies have to either keep up or get left behind. When designing a Smartphone, there are several things that a company should keep in mind. Things such as consumer needs and costs. Sometimes, depending on what features the phone offers, cost is not a factor. If buyers want something bad enough, they will definitely pay the pri ce to obtain it. The consumer needs must cater to different groups also. For example a business may require that different needs be met than that of everyday home users that just desire a Smartphone for personal entertainment. During this portion of the paper we will look at the three things mentioned above which again are: the progression of smartphones, competition, and adaptability. Since the creation of the Smartphone, there has been nothing but a steady progression with its features and capabilities. The first Smartphone was the Simon created in 1992 by IBM (Camera Phones Plaza in Smartphone, 2009). This phone was unveiled in Las Vegas during the COMDEX show. The Simon had features such as: a world clock, email, calculator, and calendar. This phone also introduced the concept of the onscreen keyboard. The onscreen keyboard took some getting use to at first, because people were not yet comfortable with the size of the virtual onscreen keys. Just by looking at those features you can see that they are some of the same features offered by computers. Many people view the smartphones of today as mini computers. However the Smartphone has some advantages over computers, because you get the features offered by your computer plus mobile phone capabilities. Not to mention just the convenience of being able to do certain things on the go without having to stop and sign o n to a computer each and every time you want to send an email or edit your personal calendar. Now that smartphones are higher in demand than they once were; Creators of these devices are starting to implement things such as: expanded memory, larger screens, and faster processors. Smartphones have also progressed as far as their physical appearance. Phones such as the iphone and windows mobile now have a sleeker thin type look. These phones now also provide HD quality video which makes them very appealing for watching movies, sports, and other types of streaming media. Competition is what drives companies that are in the Smartphone market. These companies understand that in order to survive, they must keep up with their foes. Its not uncommon for companies to take notes from or mimic their opponents designs in some form or fashion. As of right now with 20.5 million Android units sold in the 3rd quarter of 2010, the Android OS has jumped ahead of the iphone into 2nd place with a 25.5 percent share of the Smartphone market (Lilly, 2010). The thing that has become a common trend in todays world of Smartphone competition, is partnering. For example you have Apple and ATT who paired up to bring people the iphone and then you have Google who has paired up with numerous wireless providers such as T-Mobile, Verizon, and Sprint to bring consumers the Android. The way it works is that one carrier provides the back bone data network and the other provides the Smartphone itself. The Android operating system comes installed primarily on Motorola devices. Now, w hat really elevates the competition to another level when it comes to these smartphones are the applications they provide. The Android Market currently offers around 100,000 applications and over two-billion downloads to date (Lilly, 2010). These applications include many different things from games, videos, and music. There was a time when smartphones were primarily used to meet business needs but today people also use them for entertainment purposes as well. As we move forward into the future we can only expect to see these devices become more and more creative. Adaptability goes back to what has been stated throughout the text in this paper. In order for companies to survive they must adapt to new technologies, or they will get left behind. Adaptability goes along with customer demands. This, most of the time has to do with trends also, such as whats hot and whats not in the world of smartphones. According to channelnews.com the black berry Smartphone will still be at the top of the charts heading into the year 2015 (Jones, 2010). If other Smartphone competitors would like to keep this from happening then their best bet is to keep adapting to future trends in technology. When choosing a Smartphone now, consumers really base their choices on the operating system thats running on the phone. Different Smartphone operating systems provide different types of security, applications and device management capabilities. Those three things can be viewed as the key determinants of success for each operating system, but not necessarily in that order. T he battle for Smartphone supremacy is now being compared to the battle for the desktop that occurred in the 1980s. Rod Hall who is a vice president at JP Morgan once said One of the things people talk a lot about is the horizontal example of the PC in the 1980s. This battle was won based on a market that became very horizontally focused (Handy, 2010). Some people actually believe that the success of a Smartphone actually has nothing to do with the operating system on the phone but actually the network thats providing the services for the phone. Then you have some people that believe the choice is based on a combination of both the Operating System and the providers network. 3G has been a very big selling point by ATT / Apple for the iphone and by Verizon, T-Mobile, and Sprint for the Android devices. Supposedly now Sprint is one of the first telecommunication providers to offer 4G speeds on their mobile and data network. In order for these other companies to keep up at some point we should expect them to start offering 4G speeds as well. Here recently, Verizon has been launching a 4G campaign with through a TV commercial. Just some brief information for people that dont understand what 3G and 4G speeds provide, these speeds offer extremely fast data transfer and video streaming capabilities. The iphone 4 comes with an application for Netflix and the Android comes with an application for Blockbuster. These two companies understood that they had to adapt to the service that the other company was offering or possibly lose customers. Reports show that right now the iphone platform currently has ten times the number of applications that are being offered by the Android platform, so this is something that Im sure Android developers are aware of and constantly working on (Handy, 2010). Android is still fairly new so it may take some time for them to catch up with the number of applications being offered by Apple. As of November 11, 2010 Smartphone sells are up 96% bu t they still trail feature phones in number (Gahran, 2010). This does not mean that feature phone users dont prefer smartphones; a lot of it can be contributed to the prices of smartphones. Not just that but also consumers may not be willing to break their contract with their current provider to switch to a new one just for the sake of owning a certain smartphone. Of the 417 million new phones that were sold in the 3rd quarter of 2010, 81 million were smartphones (Gahran, 2010). This is where we saw the 96% increase from the 3rd quarter of 2009. Since we saw such a large increase in the amount of smartphone users in such a short time, we can only assume that more and more people will make the switch and ultimately join the smartphone society. Smartphones and Hazardous situations Smart Phone/mobile device technology while it is a revolutionary breakthrough in communications it also carries hazards that affect our physical bodies, creates health hazards, safety hazards and environmental hazards throughout its use. The most common of the hazards created by use of the mobile device is over use of the thumb. This generates pain and numbness which ultimately can impede the use of the hand to grasp and hold items. The following example displays how a person can overly work the thumb to create this situation. James Hofheins loves his job as a social media representative for a Utah retailer. All workday long, the veteran customer service representative monitors facebook and twitter for people talking about his company. If theres a problem, he follows up to make sure things get taken care of. Hofheins is so enamored with social media he stays on Twitter long after the work day ends to keep tabs on world news, tweet friends and retweet interesting tidbits that float across his Twitter stream. Away from his desk, a palm treo is his keyboard of choice for tuning into twitter, sending emails and texting. But all that connectivity is taking a toll on Hofheins thumb, his right one to be exact. The 45-year-old uses it exclusively to type and text and lately hes been on Twitter so much it hurts. It throbs from the tip to the bottom joint where it connects to the hand, he says. Its stiff, its hard to extend and sometimes the tip is numb, he says (Rafter, 2009). A similar hazard affecting the use of the hand is over exerting the index finger. Society has termed this injury as the iPod Finger. It is easily understood how this type of injury could occur since it is one of the main fingers used to operate devices. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Tamara James, ergonomics director at Duke University and Health System in Durham, N.C., has heard people complain of iPod finger, overusing their index finger to spin the selector wheel of an iPod player. iPhone users have come to doctors complaining of tennis elbow-like symptoms, what one woman with the problem calls her iPhone elbow. The American Physical Therapists Association has discussed how typing on itty-bitty keyboards leads to BlackBerry thumb since 2006 (Rafter, 2009). There are still some inconclusive studies on finger injuries resulting from texting and emailing. These injuries could be temporary or increase strength of the fingers instead of weakening it. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Early research has shown younger pe ople could possibly develop stronger thumb muscles from all the emailing and texting they do, its way too soon to tell. They could be protecting themselves for the future or setting themselves up for problems later on. We dont know, James says (Rafter 2009). Even though these injuries could be self treated by minimizing the use of or stop use of the mobile device temporary to allow rest or healing, it still pays to be conscientious of the widening effect it could have on business industries worldwide and implement measures to correct the problem. For instances in the 1980s and 1990s, the appearance of office PCs led to a wave of carpal tunnel, RSI, and other musculoskeletal injuries that tapered off once workers, HR and tech support teams figured out the importance of proper wrist support, seating and posture, and federal and state worker safety agencies passed ergonomics guidelines (Rafter, 2009). Whether in the corporate world or everyday society there are a few remedies that can be implemented to alleviate injuries and pain caused to our thumbs through the use of mobile phones. According to Michelle V. Rafter (2009). Maintain a neutral posture. Some thumb and elbow pain is caused by holding the joint in a fixed or awkward position for a long time. If youre getting numb, compression of the nerve between the hand and the phone causing it, James says. Alleviate it by using sitting or standing correctly as you type, she says. Support your arms. If youre sitting to type emails or text for an extended time, use a pillow or other prop to support your arms and hands while you work. Take frequent breaks. When desktop PCs became ubiquitous,  people had to be taught to take breaks to prevent carpal tunnel syndrome and related maladies. The same holds true for iPhones and PDAs taking breaks often to give your hands a rest, James says. Switch things up. If you normally use one hand to type or text, give it a break and type with the other one. Do stretching exercises. The American Society of hand Therapists recommends a variety of stretching exercises in a consumer education bulletin on hand-held electronics and video game injury prevention tips. They include: Opening your hands and spreading your fingers are far as possible, then holding for 10 seconds. Repeat several times. With hands laced together, turn your palms away from your body and extend your arms overhead. Stretch your upper torso through your shoulders to your hands. Hold for 10 seconds. Repeat several times. There are other hazards that people may not clearly associate with use of mobile phones. These hazards may be overlooked in the fine print of the mobile phone instructions or not well stated in them for consumer to comprehend the dangers. For example, It is a well known fact that mobile phones use radio frequency technology.  These radiations make mobile phones hazardous.   People living in developed nations like the U S and even developing countries like India are gradually becoming addicted to mobile phones.   More than 4 billion people all over the world use mobile phones.   Most of them are blissfully ignorant of the hazards of using mobile phonesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Radhakrishna, 2010). There have been instances of injury and even death of people as a result of these overlooked hazards. The following categories of safety, health and environmental hazards enlighten to the cause of fore mention circumstances befallen to people. The first category deals with safety hazards associated with use of the mobile phone. As with all technology there is a possibility of it affecting or causing a disruption of something else already in use. Manufactures generally provided some type of warning indicator or instructions of where not to use or place the technology. This evidently is often overlooked because à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ there have been instances of mobile phones exploding, causing deaths.   This can happen due to overheating defective battery or even wrong usage of battery or charger.   Mobile phones are known to disrupt normal functionality of pacemakers.   Mobile phone usage while driving has increased road accidents.   It is estimated that drivers are four times more likely to crash their cars when they are speaking on their mobile phones while driving (Radhakrishna, 2010).   Important to note theses hazards can sometimes occur due to consumers not heeding warning or instructions provided by manufactures of the product. The following example depicts information on the likelihood cell phone use while driving would cause a crash or near crash event, according to (Box, 2009). Table 1 New Data from VTTI Provides Insight into Cell Phone Use and Driving Distraction Cell Phone Task Risk of Crash or Near Crash Event Light Vehicle/Cars Dialing Cell phone 2.8 times as high as non-distracted driving Talking/Listening to Cell Phone 1.3 times as high as non-distracted driving Reaching for object (i.e. electronic device and other) 1.4 times as high as non-distracted driving Heavy Vehicles/Trucks Dialing Cell phone 5.9 times as high as non-distracted driving Talking/listening to Cell Phone 1.0 times as high as non-distracted driving Use/Reach for electronic device 6.7 times as high as non-distracted driving Text messaging 23.2 times as high as non-distracted driving The second category is in regard to health hazards of using mobile phones. When watching television we sometime here about cases of tumors and cancers affecting people but often it attributed to diets and lifestyles. There are other conditions believed to be responsible for these health vulnerabilities. For instance, Excessive use of mobile phones is believed to increase the risk of brain cancer, especially among children.   Children have thinner skulls and fragile nervous system.   Daily usage of mobile phones for ten years doubles the risk of tumor of auditory nerve which connects the ear to the brain.   People using mobile phones for more than four hours every day are at the risk of lowering their sperm count (Radhakrishna, 2010). These alarming health hazards should be taken seriously. People could lower chances of these hazards occurring in them by limiting the use of mobile phones for themselves and especially for their children. The final category deals with the environmental hazards of using mobile phones. This information alludes to facts of how the forms of cell phone technology can disrupt natural environment in negative ways. For example Excessive radiation is believed to be causing extinction of many species of small birds like sparrows.   This will definitely have a huge negative impact on our environment.   We depend on bees for crops, because they pollinate crops.   These bees are disappearing.   Radiation from mobile phones are interfering with navigation system of bees and causing them to lose their way back to their hive.   As a result of this their colonies are collapsing (Radhakrishna, 2010). We could assume as technology advances the effects it has on the environment would be equally considered to limit the negative impact. The role of nature should be preserved at all cost the consequences of not do it could prove to be devastating to our environment. Understand the change and manner in which we live our lives The invention of the telephone in the late 19th century in the United States changed the way people interact and communicate. This has been paralleled in the early 21st century with the arrival of mobile phones. The cell phones have been created for adults to use business (Downes, and Aoki, 2003). This is a similar to cell phone in the early 20th century where telephone engineers explained the telephone was made for business, but it was not for social conversation (Flinchy, 1997). Today the number of people uses the cell phones growth really fast since the end of 20th century. Most families have cell phones, and some of them are not using home phones. Most people have cell phones than home phones in the United State. In the worldwide, it has more than one billion people use a cell phone. According to one of the industry analysts Wireless that between now to the years of 2020 everyone could afford a cell phone that they wish. American spends seven hours or more hours in a month talking on their cell phone on average, and it becomes more important of Americans life (Rosen, 2004). Today most of American families have cell phone. They always carry; phone whatever they go out, even at home. However, some of them use cells phone like home phone. Cell phones start to change American life since the end of 21 century, it becomes cheaper, smaller, and more convenience. With the rapid spread of technology, people change the way of life with cell phones. In 1985, according to Mobile Communications and Internet link, only 340,000 people have registered to use cell phone, but it has more than 158 million people use the cell phone in the United States (Rosen, 2004). As we could see more and more people use the cell phones today than we compare with the year 1985. One of the reason more people use the cell phone that it has more convenient than home phone. Cell phone are not only use in American families, but it also use in the medical field. Medical field could use cell phones to send ahead of the hospitals image to the injury. In England, now popular for wireless technology that allows companies to gain access to remote meters or gather information diagnosis, on-site construction workers can use cell phones to send picturing to contractors outside. Combine with the use of personal cell phones, to make appointments, locate a friend, check voicemail messages, or simply to check in at cell phone work now provides the unknown level of conv enience (Rosen, 2004). Cell phones are not even for social use for today, but it is, use for almost any business like the medical field, manufacture. ..Etc.In addition, the number of cell phones use have increased to the point of dizziness, that there are social scientists for the foreseeable future, virtually any urban residents also own a cell phone. Cell phones effect to young people, according to the research teens view their cell phones as more than just an accessory, and it is also showing four out of five teens use cell phone than before. The research also shows the sense of security these teens said about 80 percent of the cell phones have. They are also preferring texts over the phone then talking on the phone (Cell phones impact, 2008). We could see more teens use phone like the things they must have in their life. Cell phones affect the social life of teens. When the phone is no longer a luxury item, the parents are willing to equip their children for easy communication. On the other hand, Harris Interactive study the teens say a cell phone as the most popular social status or of a person, outranking jewelry, watches and shoes. The study also found the cell phones are fast becoming necessary in society youth. It is about fifty seven percent of teens view their phones as a key to their social life (Cell phones impact, 200 8). And it is about fifty seven percent of the teens that carry a cell phone to improve the quality of life. And half of them said the cell phones become a new form of the entertainment and it is about thirty percent of them use the cell phones to play games (Cell phones impact, 2008). In fact, most of teens are using cell phones away from the original intention of the parents. Refuse to stop at the hearing referred to, many children fall into addiction to expl

Sociology vs. Cultural Anthropology Essay -- Sociology Essays

The research methods in sociology and anthropology are similar yet follow a specific set of guidelines for each. Each field approaches research in a similar fashion but the methodology and intentions can differ. The differences reflect the distinct differences that are present in sociology and anthropology. The way that an anthropologist approaches a problem and attempts to solve it is different than a sociologist because of the discerning basis of their knowledge. Some of the research methods require a researcher to be up close and personal with subjects while in other methods the subject don’t even realize they are being observed. From these research methods, sociologists and anthropologists draw conclusions from their observations. Sociological research methods include experiments and social surveys. Experiments are carefully designed investigations in which the variables being studied are controlled and the researcher obtains results through precise observation and measurement (Tischler, 2007). The researcher then studies those measurements to determine the impact of the variables. Experiments are designed to simulate real-life under controlled circumstances to the absolute best of the researcher’s ability. Advantages to conducting an expirement are that variables can be isolated and controlled and are the perfect setting for testing cause -and -effect relationships. However, most things that sociologists study can not be studied in a â€Å"lab†. There are 3 different types of experiments; Laboratory, natural and field experiments. In a ‘lab’ setting the subjects are in a contained setting. Natural experiments come from actual occurrences and this creates a sort of living and bre athing laboratory. Natural disasters provid... ...r, 2007). Many of the theories and concepts between sociology and cultural overlap because on a very basic level it is people being studied and their behaviors in the past and present. Using the methods of research, researchers can make predictions about society in the future. Works Cited Research Methods. (n.d.). Eastern Oregon University - Home. Retrieved January 3, 2011, from http://www2.eou.edu/~kdahl/methdef.html Sociological Research Methods. (n.d.). Sociological Research Methods. Retrieved January 3, 2011, from www.fdbond.com/Sociology Sociological Research Methods : SparkCharts. (n.d.). SparkNotes: SparkCharts. Retrieved January 4, 2011, from http://sparkcharts.sparknotes.com/gensci/sociology/section12.php Tischler, H. L. (2007). The Sociological Perspective. Introduction to sociology (9th ed., pp. 9-10). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth/Thomson Learning.

Analysis of “The piano” by D.H. Lawrence Essay

The speaker in â€Å"Piano† by D. H. Lawrence is proud to be a full grown man, yet he loves remembering his happy childhood; his nostalgic attitude causes him to feel guilty as if he had betrayed his present state of being. Through effective imagery, Lawrence is able (to describe an image) to help the reader understand the speaker’s nostalgic attitude. The diction and tone used in this poem reveal the speaker’s struggle as his feelings mix between his desire to be a man and his desire to return to his childhood. The syntax and structure of the poem keep the reader in tune with the flow of the poem. In this poem a man struggles to remain a man while fighting off his memories of the past, which he feels would be uncharacteristic of his present maturity. The imagery in this poem helps to describe a picture in the reader’s mind so that the reader can sympathize with the speaker during his journeys into the past. In the first stanza, in the first line, the first image is of a woman. In the fourth line the reader learns that this woman is the speaker’s mother. The third line shows an image of a â€Å"child sitting under the piano . . . pressing the small, poised feet of a mother who smiles.† This image gives the reader an image, perhaps of a parlor room, of a child about three or four years of age enjoying the music produced by his mother. The love of the mother shines through her smile as she reciprocates to the child’s gentle touch. Later, in the second stanza, the contrasting image of a cold, snowy night in the winter and the cozy parlor causes the â€Å"hymns† to seem doubly warm. This represents the traditional image of a grand family sitting around a warm, crackling fire; they sing carols together and just enjoy each other’s company. The piano in the first and second stanza is described as â€Å"tingling strings† and â€Å"tinkling piano† respectively. These light sounds help support the warm cheery atmosphere during that time. These memories are what cause the grown man to be nostalgic for his past. The diction and tone of the poem also show the author’s mixed feelings in the poem. The poem begins with the line, â€Å"softly in the dusk† to open the poem with a light, airy image. â€Å"Vista of years,† are words used to show his  nostalgia as he walks down memory lane. He remembers the â€Å"boom† of the piano, which would seem loud to a child who is four-years-old. In the second stanza, he is a little more negative about his memories. The song he is listening to â€Å"betrays me back.† He feels that these memories should not be felt with such emotion because they cause him to â€Å"weep† as he reluctantly returns to his past. The last line of the poem is also negative as the speaker breaks down and goes â€Å"down the flood of remembrance.† He again flows down the flood reluctantly into the past. The tone is quite the same, supporting the diction that the author remembers a happy past, but is reluctant in continuing to do so. H e is happy to remember his past, but he feels his â€Å"manhood is cast down.† This poem’s structure and rhyme help bring an organization to the way the speaker shares his mixed feelings. The lines are coupled so that every two lines rhyme. The poem is structured so that in each of the three stanza the author describes an image of the present in the first two lines, and then the last two lines are spent describing his comfortable past. The second line of each stanza speaks of the vehicle that sends him back to the past while the third line of each stanza shows his increasing distress. In the first stanza it’s the singing woman that takes him â€Å"down the vista of years.† Next, the song takes him to â€Å"the old Sunday evenings at home.† Finally, the â€Å"great black piano† reminds him of the past. The continuing conflict of the speaker’s emotions is described as he enjoys his memories, yet he despises his continuing nostalgia.

Native Americans in the United States and Hardy Individualism Essay

Prompt: Although the development of the Trans-Mississippi West is popularly associated with hardy individualism, it was in fact largely dependent on the federal government. Assess the validity of this statement with specific reference to western economic activities in the 19th century. In the late 1800s and early 1900s, the idea of the far west captivated many. The chance to begin life anew attracted thousands of individuals and families alike to move out west and escape their current life, which was usually full of poverty and for some, full of discrimination. As the west expanded and grew into an important part of the United States, westerners found it somewhat difficult to survive with important resources going scarce. Although the development of the Trans-Mississippi west is mainly associated with hardy individualism, the west? s development as a whole was largely the result of the aid of the federal government by constructing railroads, promoting and protecting the land, and removing the Indian tribes. Railroads were an integral part of the west; without them the West would not be successful. The distance of the west from the rest of the country was large and the only way to reach the west was through a long, tiresome journey by wagon. The Pacific Railroad Act of 1862 paved the way for the expansion of the railroads. The Act gave companies land to build railroads. The faster the company built the railroad, the faster they could get more land, which they usually sold for profit later on. The construction of the railroad benefitted many who were not living in the west, namely Chinese immigrants. With thousands of workers, railroad companies had to ensure their safety to prevent being sued and frowned upon by the public. To prevent that, railroad companies provided many necessities for their workers like shelter.

Tropical Cyclones and Drought Essays

Tropical Cyclones and Drought Essays Tropical Cyclones and Drought Essay Tropical Cyclones and Drought Essay Essay Topic: The Year Of the Flood Australia is well known for its natural disasters including BushFires, Floods, Droughts and Tropical Cyclones. The major disasters being Tropical Cyclones and Droughts. A cyclone is a large-scale, atmospheric wind and pressure system characterized by low pressure at its centre and by circulating motion, counterclockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere.An example of a tropical cyclone is Australias deadliest one yet which occurred on the 4th of March 1899 when a cyclone hit a pearling fleet in Bathurst Bay and caused a massive storm surge accounting for 307 known fatalities and tropicals lows of flooding. A drought is a period of dry weather, especially a long one that injurious to crops. An example of a drought in Australia is one which lasted 12 years killing much of Australias flora and fauna and destroying much land. Tropical Cyclones:Tropical Cyclones are a very horrific situation to be in they have many impacts and consequences that come with the fear of this natural disaster. The impacts of Tropical Cyclones include floods on the roads, in homes and in buildings, landslides on hills in ditches and hills, not being able to drive as of excessive water. The impacts of this disaster cause havoc, frustration and stress for many of the towns occupants and citizens. Along with the impacts of the disaster comes the consequences.Consequences of Tropical Cyclones can be categorized into three sections the first being the consequences to people, the second being the consequences to the environment and the last being the consequences for the Australian Economy. The consequences to people include death, injury and loss of family members meaning drop in population and heartache to many citizens in the community. The consequences to the environment include loss of land, loss of flora and fauna and loss of homes destroyed through the cyclone. The consequences or the Australian Economy include donation to the effected community or town to help rebuild the welfare, homes, land and building which appeared before the disaster. Other consequences for the economy include reduced income for businesses affected by damage resulting from the cyclone, farmers suffer from crop damage or livestock losses, and on Australias eastern coast, this specifically effects Australias specialized tropical fruit industry, local businesses may have building damage and lose some of their produce.This drives up prices of goods and supplies because they have to be brought in from further away, so the businesses have to pay more for transportation costs sometimes, businesse s close down and people are left unemployed, tourism stops for the short term, there are enormous costs sometimes hundreds of millions of dollars involved in rebuilding infrastructure and damaged buildings. Although this may not seem like a big deal it clearly is as it costs a lot of money to help move on from this occurrence.Many people all over the country of the affected area helps to manage and recover and return to normal life. Many management strategies are put in place to help develop the community affected. Strategies such as donations from different states, cities and foundations are made and volunteer work is used as a strategy to help build building. Droughts: Droughts are a very frightening and stressful situation to be in as they have many impacts and consequences that come with the fear of this horrible natural disaster.The impacts of Droughts can often have a dire economic implications, particularly for the agricultural community, i n order for agriculture to be suc cessful, a baseline amount of water is needed. When a drought occurs, this baseline cannot be met. Livestock and crops die, leading to reduced output and a loss of earnings for farmers. Some of the industries directly affected by drought include beef, grain, cotton, dairy, sugar, other food products and wool. Along with the impacts of the disaster comes the consequences.Consequences of Droughts can be put into three sections the first being the consequences to people, the second being the consequences to the environment and the last being the consequences for the Australian Economy. The consequences to people are starvation, loss of life, death, loss of land, loss of agriculture and loss of flora and fauna. The consequences to the environment include cracks in the land, death to plant and animal life, wrecking of homes and loss of water.The consequences for the Australian Economy is the slowdown in the economy growth as a result of the drop in farming output as key crop production f alls 1/3 due to loss water. Although this may not seem like a big consequence but it clearly is as this means not import or export of goods from our or other countries. I strongly believe that Tropical Cyclones and Floods have a greater impact on Australia than droughts as these natural disasters cause more damage through death, loss of land and drop in flora and fauna rather than what a drought can accomplish.

Medicine Essay Writing Guide Expert Advice #038; Prompt

Medicine Essay Writing Guide Expert Advice #038; Prompt Medical science performs a vital function in the well-being of the modern society as it prevents, diagnose and treat diseases. Sounds pleasantly, â€Å"This serious disease was eradicated from the world†. That’s possible due to the medical sciences. In general, medicine can be characterized as a scientific and practical activity that has the principal task to support and encourage the well-being of healthy and sick individuals. In what way? With the help the advancement of some effective prevention techniques, identification, and therapy of diseases. Students attending the medical courses study the human body in a healthy and ill state, a positive and negative impact of different conditions on the well-being. Besides, medical students get familiar with a set of physical, biochemical, biological, and technological tools for the prevention, identification, and cure of illnesses. Most professors claim that in the near future, you will become an expert in the field of medicine. Right? But keep in mind how much is behind this competency tons of assignments, books, sleepless nights, efforts to write medical essays and many other academic papers. The professional path of a doctor or a nurse is associated with the constant process of studying. It is an endless process, which starts at the medical school and continues through the working experience. Thus, it is important to have excellent medicine essay writing skills since to write medical essays is one of the most typical requirements in any medical school. The investigation of medicine creates a scientific worldview and ethical attitude of medical students to the development of medicine. Thus, medical essay writing is a pretty general assignment where you can present your in-depth understanding of the field of scientific disciplines that deal with: The functions of separate experts and scientific developments, The progress of anatomy following the socioeconomic circumstances, The advancement of natural science, technology, and social theory. How to Create a Well-Written Medical Sciences Essay First of all, you should remember that any written assignment given at high school, college or university requires a wide range of different skills developed with the help of valuable experiences such as Researching, Writing, Critical thinking, Investigation, Interpretation, Problem-solving, etc. Nonetheless, it is often challenging to figure out what issue to address on Medical Sciences. Moreover, it becomes even tougher when you do not know exactly how to compose an assignment on a particular topic. Secondly, you should realize that every academic assignment is different in word limits, structures, formats, ways of presenting the information, etc. However, there is that combines all of them an academic style that is objective, precise and formal. Besides some common academic paper requirements, some specific instructions are established by your tutors. In other words, they define how long your paper must be, what sources of information it must be based on and so on. So before writing a medical essay, examine your assignment attentively. Highlight those points that aren’t so common for paper writing. Always remember that easy medicine essay writing is possible only if you devote a considerable amount of time and energy to accomplish your academic writing. How to Choose Essay Topics on Medical Sciences It may happen that an instructor offers a free choice on what medical topic a student needs to work. Don’t be in a hurry to say, â€Å"I can choose the easiest medical topic to write an essay in the last minute†. Any medical essay topic can’t be investigated at the last moment. Moreover, if the instructor doesn’t specify the topic for a medical essay, he/she expects of you much more research. You need to choose a relevant, research-worthy and feasible topic on Medical Sciences. Keep in mind the question of a medical essay should not belong to the list of controversial topics. It is better to look for hot topics questions on the medic portal. The whole composition has to be focused on a specific issue, a message that you are trying to present to the audience. Your medical essays can reveal the topics mentioned below: 10+ Types of Allergies a Allergist Needs to Fight with in the 21st Century; Diagnosis of Rare Birth Defects: Its Effectiveness in the Intrauterine Life; 5 Differences of Stress Effects on Body, Mood and Behavior; The Interaction of Central Nervous and Endocrine Systems; 7 Actions of Adrenaline from a Benefit to a Harm; Is Medical Treatment with the Help of Spiders and Other Animals Effective? Global Immunization Action Plans: Key Challenges and Possible Solutions. Top Practical Tips for Medical Essay Writing Where to Look for Sources of the Medical Information After you determine what you are going to write on, you’d better search for some background information about the selected issue. Most students start off from score to google for this information taking into consideration all that catch their eye. However, you should identify the credible information sources for better results in academic essay writing. Your essays in the medical field must be based on the relevant and credible literature required to support all the arguments. For example, if you deal with the topic â€Å"Global Immunization Action Plans: Key Challenges and Possible Solutions†, you can give the reliable data from WHO on the proportion of those who receive and who don’t receive recommended vaccines. However, there is a global vaccine action plan that is aimed at preventing millions of deaths through more equitable access to vaccines by 2020. Besides, you can find the valuable sources for your medical essay in the libraries. The truth is that many students have the limited time to attend the library and analyze all the relevant publications. Thus, you can also observe the scholarly articles and the appropriate investigations by looking them online in the U.S. National Library of Medicine. Primarily, this way of collecting the data saves your time greatly. Additionally you can check the government-sponsored websites or websites of some medical organizations. It is easy to determine them as they usually end in .gov and .org accordingly. Such sites provide the actual links to the authoritative research studies, statistic data, information regarding different medical issues you can explore in your essay. Here are some examples of such websites: Medical Research Council. This site provides the readers with the recent announcements, data, and investigations in the field of healthcare. National Science Foundation. This website is focused on the field of medicine and healthcare providing you with the data on the health and human services and other settings. MedlinePlus. This is a source of trusted information you can consult to write an excellent essay on Medicine. National Institutes of Health. This is a website of the medical research agency that makes the important discoveries to improve the health of nations. How to Structure a Medical Essay Properly Writing essays on Medicine is an integral element of the entire learning process. At the beginning of this process, students may encounter some challenges when completing any writing assignment. In fact, writing a medical essay is a time-consuming and challenging process as a student is supposed to analyze various medical reports and other peer-reviewed sources of information in detail. At the same time, many students would like to get a good mark. Right? Be ready to do a great job and write a profound essay. Every paper in the area of medical science, including medicinal composition, should have an accurate and logical structure that is comprised of the points mentioned below: Introduction of a topic; Theoretical exposition of the issue(s); The practical section with parts of medical practice; Statements admitting the consequences of medical examination; Conclusions; List of literature used during the writing of an essay. Not to mention, you should develop the content of your medical essay with the proper formatting according to various style (APA, MLA, Harvard or Chicago). Generally speaking, writing a medical essay is similar to writing essays in the other courses. Thus, you should use the reliable sources of information, write in a sharp and organized form, and provide a strong argumentation for all points presented in an essay. The comprehensive guidelines for the proper formatting of citations will help you to write a reliable and respected composition. Some diagrams or charts can be also added if a graphic illustration contributes to the topic presentation. Usually the numerical data are given in this way. You should also check if the data and its reference are appropriate to use for your academic essay. Medicine is a systematic discipline that doesn’t forgive any soft-touch approach. It requires an entirely logical way of consideration as a human life will be in your hands. With this in mind, none of the educational assignments that must be completed by the medical students can be characterized as a secondary or trivial. Writing an essay in the field of medicine is a comprehensive academic assignment. Every feature of the medical field, beginning with the fundamental analysis and ending with practically meaningful innovations and findings, which can be summarized in an essay on Medicine, is required not only to be learned and acquired by students but also utilized in the writing process. The healthcare as a science performs the crucial functions in human life. The primary purpose of the given area is an investigation of different processes transpiring inside the human body with the aim to prevent or heal various diseases. It also investigates well-known and new conditions that arise in the process of evolution. Medicine is a crucial field for a person as the other issues do not make sense without health. As a result, medicine is not a simple field to study in. Realize the significance of the educational process before taking a medical course. And even if you have been already become a student of the medical school, take the responsibility for researching, writing well so that you can apply all your knowledge in practice. How to Outline a Medical Essay: Medicine Essay Writing Tips from Our Experts To organize an essay properly, you should compose an outline. First of all, you should arrange it in a way that is coherent and easy to follow. Determine what data corresponds to each section of an essay and integrate the information from your sources to support the arguments. Starting with an outline is also an effortless process to get started with the whole essay writing. Start with the points taken from the sources you found; Develop the outline of your medical essay in the following order: Body → Introduction → Conclusion The outline is a skeleton of your essay. So don’t worry if you have to reset it a few times to make more coherent. But it is important to deal with the essay outline exactly in this order. You need to build up the main part of your essay to know what to say in the introduction. Otherwise, you’ll have to return to the introduction every time after you add some information to the body. Don’t do double work while writing, especially if you are pressed for time. In the introduction, your task is to present the readers with the topic of your essay, the main points you are going to discuss and the perspective from which you’re going to discuss. Besides, you can offer some necessary background information, state why you are addressing this topic, and what is expected as a result of the investigation. At the end of your medical essay, write the conclusion. Tell the audience what you have discovered, why it is crucial to the medical field, and what future investigation should be done to facilitate the research. Avoid repeating data that has been previously declared in the paper in the conclusion section. You should state and paraphrase the main features of your essay in the conclusion section. You can also: State how your article adds to the medical field; Define the further applications of the ideas proposed in an essay. Pay Attention to Some Proofreading Tips That Help You Greatly Before the submission of your medical essay, you should make sure that your paper is ready for submission. Double check: If an essay is coherent and relevant to the topic suggested; If there is a logical development of ideas, i.e. from general to specific; If the essay paragraphs are complete and smoothly transited; If the sources of information are correctly cited; If it is free of any spelling or grammatical mistakes, etc. Thus, you should revise your medical essay and proofread it for any possible flaws before its submission. Look at the useful revision checklist to make sure you do all the best in your medical essay. Luckily, there are those who are more experienced in proofreading. You can give your paper a qualified editor to check the accuracy of an essay and correct some points if needed. At the same time, every student is supposed to get familiar with the world of medical publishing closer before submitting any paper on Medicine. Citing a source, from which you take the information for your essay, is a requirement needed to avoid plagiarism and add the credibility to your writing. It is accepted in the academic world not to spin out the data of thin air. Indeed, adding some citations to the text is much easier than investigating through dozens of sources before deciding, â€Å"It is exactly what I am looking for to back up an idea in my medical essay†. Keep in mind when you find what you need, state a source where an idea comes from, what the name of the author(s) is and on what page it is. It is helpful to do with the aim of quick formatting a reference list at the end of your essay. For most medical essays, it is advised to adhere to the American Medical Association (AMA) style to edit an essay properly. If you add a citation, you need to show that you use someone elses ideas with a correctly-cited source of information. Then, you demonstrate the reference list at the end of a composition to avoid ethical and legal issues such as authorship, intellectual property, and so on. You can use some citation programs to simplify the process of referencing. As you might comprehend, medical science is one of the most unrestricted modern sciences. It involves not only some experimental and analytical foundations but also practical activities presented in the academic papers. Medicine papers investigate various processes as well as makes suggestions for maintaining and strengthening the health conditions. The research at an institution of higher education needs much more effort than is required for students in other fields. To become a specialist, a medical student has to hold not only excellent persistence and critical thinking but also the great writing abilities to submit all academic papers. Nobody would ever doubt that such paperwork is necessary for every learner. The principal reason is that a well-organized medicine essay will be of service to the future professionals during their working experience.

Account of the Gold Discovered in California in 1848

Account of the Gold Discovered in California in 1848 When the 50th anniversary of California Gold Rush approached there was great interest in locating any eyewitnesses to the event who might still be alive. Several individuals claimed to have been with James Marshall when he first found a few gold nuggets while building a sawmill for adventurer and land baron John Sutter. Most of these accounts were greeted with skepticism, but it was generally agreed that an old man named Adam Wicks, who was living in Ventura, California, could reliably tell the story of how gold was first discovered in California on January 24, 1848. The New York Times published an interview with Wicks on December 27, 1897, approximately a month before the 50th anniversary. Wicks recalled arriving in San Francisco by ship in the summer of 1847, at the age of 21: I was charmed with the wild new country, and decided to stay, and I’ve never been out of the state from that time. Along in October 1847, I went with several young fellows up the Sacramento River to Sutter’s Fort, at what is now the City of Sacramento. There were about 25 white people at Sutter’s Fort, which was merely a stockade of timbers as a protection from assaults by Indians.Sutter was the richest American in central California at the time, but he had no money. It was all in land, timber, horses, and cattle. He was about 45 years old, and was full of schemes for making money by selling his timber to the United States government, which had just come into possession of California. That is why he was having Marshall build the sawmill up in Columale (later known as Coloma).I knew James Marshall, the discoverer of gold, very well. He was an ingenious, flighty sort of man, who claimed to be an expert millwright out from New Jersey. California Gold Rush Began With Discovery at Sutters Sawmill Adam Wicks remembered hearing about the gold discovery as an inconsequential bit of camp gossip: In the latter part of January 1848, I was at work with a gang of vaqueros for Captain Sutter. I remember as clearly as if it were yesterday when I first heard of the gold discovery. It was on January 26, 1848, forty-eight hours after the event. We had driven a drove of cattle to a fertile grazing spot on the American River and were on our way back to Columale for more orders.A nephew, a lad of 15 years, of Mrs. Wimmer, the cook at the lumber camp, met us on the road. I gave him a lift on my horse, and as we jogged along the boy told me that Jim Marshall had found some pieces of what Marshall and Mrs. Wimmer thought were gold. The boy told this in the most matter-of-fact way, and I did not think of it again until I had put the horses in the corral and Marshall and I sat down for a smoke. Wicks asked Marshall about the rumored gold discovery. Marshall was at first quite annoyed that the boy had even mentioned it. But after asking Wicks to swear he could keep the secret, Marshall went inside his cabin, and returned with a candle and a tin matchbox. He lit the candle, opened the matchbox, and showed Wicks what he said were nuggets of gold. The largest nugget was the size of a hickory nut; the others were the size of black beans. All had been hammered, and were very bright from boiling and acid tests. Those were the evidences of gold.I have wondered a thousand times since how we took the finding of the gold so coolly. Why, it did not seem to us a big thing. It appeared only an easier way of making a living for a few of us. We had never heard of a stampede of gold-crazy men in those days. Besides, we were green backwoodsmen. None of us had ever seen natural gold before. The Workers at Sutters Mill Took It in Stride Amazingly, the impact of the discovery had little effect on the daily life around Sutters holdings. As Wicks recalled, life went on as before: We went to bed at the usual hour that night, and so little excited were we about the discovery that neither of us lost a moment’s sleep over the stupendous wealth that lay all about us. We proposed to go out and hunt at odd times and on Sundays for gold nuggets. Two weeks or so later Mrs. Wimmer went to Sacramento. There she showed at Sutter’s Fort some nuggets she had found along the American River. Even Captain Sutter himself had not known of the finds of gold on his land until then. Gold Fever Soon Seized the Entire Nation Mrs. Wimmers loose lips set in motion what would turn out to be a massive migration of people. Adam Wicks remembered that prospectors started appearing within months: The earliest rush to the mines was in April. There were 20 men, from San Francisco, in the party. Marshall was so mad at Mrs. Wimmer that he vowed he would never treat her decently again.At first it was thought the gold was only to be found within a radius of a few miles of the sawmill at Columale, but the newcomers spread out, and every day brought news of localities along the American River that were richer in gold than where we had been quietly working for a few weeks.The very maddest man of all was Captain Sutter when men began to come from San Francisco, San Jose, Monterey and Vallejo by the score to find gold. All of the captains workmen quit their jobs, his sawmill could not be run, his cattle went wandering away for lack of vaqueros, and his ranch was occupied by a horde of lawless gold-crazy men of all degrees of civilization. All the captain’s plans for a great business career were suddenly ruined. The Gold Fever soon spread to the east coast, and at the end of 1848, President James Knox Polk actually mentioned the discovery of gold in California in his annual address to Congress. The great California Gold Rush was on, and the following year would see many thousands of 49ers arriving to search for gold. Horace Greeley, the legendary editor of the New York Tribune dispatched journalist Bayard Taylor to report on the phenomenon. Arriving in San Francisco in the summer of 1849, Taylor saw a city growing at incredible speed, with buildings and tents appearing all over the hillsides. California, considered a remote outpost only a few years earlier, would never be the same.

3 MGT-TD - Organizational Culture and Change Coursework

3 MGT-TD - Organizational Culture and Change - Coursework Example In addition, the results obtained exceed their expectations. As a manager, transforming a group to a high-performance team would commence by creating a team from this particular set of people. Then I would provide the team with all resources required to improve their performance (Goffee & Jones, 2013). The resources may include more advanced tools of work like an exceptional IT system. Additionally, the team would comprise of individuals from all departments in the organization. Synergy provides the ability to group members to put together ideas and come up with a strategy that exceeds the creativity of one individual. It also enables a group to outperform their best individual. Group thinking is the ability of a set of employees to come into a consensus without creation conflicts. In group thinking, an agreement is reached without the consideration of alternative options thus minimizing effectiveness (Goffee & Jones, 2013). In an organization, promotion of synergy can be easily done by requiring teams to provide more than one solution to a problem. Goffee & Jones (2013) assert that promoting synergy while eliminating group thinking by creating an award system that honors individual performance in a

Mathematics classes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Mathematics classes - Essay Example Teachers, who study mathematics for the foreign speaking students, should be aware of the fact, that the knowledge they try to give, must be combined with clear explanation and patience. Various strategies exist for those who have to teach mathematics to the students in combination with the language problems. Thus, it would be interesting to observe the two different strategies, which two teachers have in this relation. The use of various strategies for teaching children mathematics is essential; it often appears at present that the knowledge and idea of mathematics are wrong between people, and thus the role of the teacher is to make the mathematical knowledge full, sufficient and clear. The strategies to use in teaching mathematics directly depend on the knowledge teachers have themselves, and the studies conducted in this connection, proved that the way the teachers were teaching their pupils mathematics, their structural and instructional decisions were directly dependent on the knowledge in mathematics they had themselves. In relation to foreign speaking students, it is even more important to have a closer look at the use of not only mathematics' teaching strategies, but also the use of LEP and ESOL. 'The current debate concerning what students should learn in mathematics seems to set proponents of teaching computational skills against the advocates of fostering conceptual understanding and re flects the wide range of beliefs about what aspects of mathematics are important to know'. (Liping, 1999) For example, Mrs L was teaching mathematics with a special accent on the multidigit multiplication. One of her strategies was to create the series of lectures (lessons), and the group which she taught was absolutely heterogeneous in relation to the level of skills and knowledge. She paid special attention to the children with exceptionalities, as there were two pupils who were able to perform this computation without any difficult and displayed exceptional abilities towards computation. These children, attending lessons together with the rest of the group, also acquired special tasks separately from the other pupils. The creation of this strategy has been caused by her deep knowledge of the structures in multidigit computation, as well as the wide range of combinations and the special approach towards problem-solving. She was able not only to teach students the necessary skills, but to teach them the general knowledge of problem-solving, giving them the basis for the further develop ment. Mrs B was able to create her own strategy of teaching children mathematics through the special accent on the negative numbers understanding. Making the foreign-speaking pupils understand negative numbers is a challenge, and she was successful in creating her own strategy. Her aim was not only to develop the knowledge of negative numbers, but to make her pupils successful mathematical thinkers. She was able to understand the ways of representing the key mathematical ideas to her pupils, through clear language and descriptive meanings. Her associations of negative numbers with magic peanuts and a frog on the number line, gave her own ideas for connecting negative numbers with the association of money and the similar building model. The choice of the models themselves was complex,

Legal Closed Memo Assignment Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Legal Closed Memo Assignment Project - Essay Example Barnett Productions administered a psychological test to Mr. Merton, which the latter passed. This factor, added to the context of the reality show within which the offensive events occurred, may be excellent grounds for defense for Barnett Productions. The company can argue that the events constitute mere annoyances within the context of a reality show. Despite such defenses however, two aspects work strongly in Mr. Merton’s favor – (a) the knowledge defendants had about his childhood trauma and the sign by which it was manifested externally and (b) the deceptive manner in which Mr. Merton’s cooperation was elicited. Since Mr. Merton was subjected to a reappraisal of his childhood trauma purely to generate a newsworthy reality show, the outrageous criterion may be established. A lounge singer, the client, Mr. Murton, is currently unable to work, because he suffers from recurring panic attacks, clinical depression, and paralyzing stage fright. He claims that these serious conditions are the result of Barnett Productions’ duping him into participating in a reality television show called â€Å"Regular Guy.† Specifically, he claims that, during the show’s taping, he was forced to partake in humiliating school-yard contests while a group of athletically gifted â€Å"hunks† ridiculed his limited physical abilities. Mr. Merton states that during the taping of the recess segment, the hunks shouted insults. â€Å"I remember, one of them said to another ‘What a bunch of losers. These guys look like 14-year-olds. We should kick their asses’ and another one said, ‘See these babies squeal? I bet they’re about to go in their pants’.† Mr. Merton states that he was subjected to a background investigation and psychological testing and passed both. According to Mr. Murton, the show’s producers also brought him to beach front property that was directly across from the school where Mr. Murton’s bullying had previously occurred.

Human Capital of Sundale Club Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Human Capital of Sundale Club - Case Study Example The problem at Sundale started when Ted Ellis hired Chuck Johnson to become the Club’s men’s activity manager. Mr. Johnson happened to be a gay person in the closet. His behavior was a bit unprofessional at times apparently and some of the club members complain that he made advances to them. The staff did not like or respect Mr. Johnson. They visualized him as a troublemaker that was harassing the customers. Frank Havens wanted to do something about the impending issues. The problem was that the company did not have a corporate culture that encouraged open communication. Also, the hiring of Chuck Johnson did not follow normal protocols. He was given his position based on his personal friendship with Mr. Ellis. In the business world, there is no room for favoritism. Favoritism causes internal problems because the employees of a company lose respect for the business entity when such behavior occurs. The general perception when these types of things occur within an organiz ation is that hard work does not pay off and there is no opportunity for professional growth for the employees of the company. It is important for companies to encourage open communication between the employees of a firm. A good manager is able to captivate its subordinates by supporting them and leading by example. When employees trust their boss they open up to them and provide them with helpful insight on how to improve the operations.

Cap task#3c Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words - 1

Cap task#3c - Term Paper Example It is therefore very important for the hospital management to consider introduction of an image segmentation facility to help with early warning of breast cancer, because this is literary the key to improve breast cancer diagnosis in the hospital. Image segmentation use contours or the region they are position on to find the features of an image. One of the most common screening methods used by radiologists in analysis of the mammograms is X-ray mammography. This technique is very importance in detection of the presence or absence of lesions from the mammograms (Stems, 1996). It is, however, becomes extremely difficult to detect breast cancer during its early stages because its presence is especially restrained and unsteady. As such, if only experiences are diagnosed, radiologists and doctors can easily fail to detect the presence of abnormality. Having said that, the doctors and radiologists can rely on computer aided screening technology to get a more effective and reliable diagnosis (Sheng, Hong and Enmin, 2011). The aim of having such a computer aided imaging technique is to ensure an accurate segmentation of medical images. This process involves use of different criteria to segment different areas of an image (Chang and Teng, 2007). Use of mammography images in breast cancer image segmentation is a tasking procedure tho ugh its accuracy is essential for screening of tumors as well as classification of tissue for early discovery of breast abnormalities. Although it is not perfect, mammography imaging is recommended for this project because of it is essentially the most efficient imaging method (Guido and Nico, 1999). For women without symptoms, Mammography imaging is believed to detect between 80% and 90% of the breast cancer. A precise image segmentation of the mammography images is very crucial for a computer aided equipment to perform accurate diagnosis. The type of the equipment used is one of

A River Runs Through IT Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

A River Runs Through IT - Movie Review Example The film ends with Norman becoming an English teacher and dating Jessie. Paul becomes a successful journalist, but his foul dealings of drinking and gambling lead to his death. This paper is a response to the movie A river runs through it. Tom’s is the role of a stern father and a Presbyterian minister who will stop at nothing but have his children grow up in a proper manner. He sees to it that his sons have something constructive to do at all times. In the morning, they go to school, midmorning to religious classes and in the evenings to do fly-fishing. To him, all the three activities are the same things. During fishing, Norman and Paul add onto their divine attributes. They understand the importance of grace, harmony and patience as they wait to make a catch. Additionally, Tom wants his children to learn spiritual relationship between faith and nature. I think my relationship with my father relates to Tom’s relationship with his family. While Tom is a stern father wh o wants his children to grow up in the right way, my father is equally stern and will do anything to make sure that I grow up in the right way. He wants me to go to church every time there is an opportunity, as he believes, like Tom, that religion moulds people to be good people in the future. Although we do not go fly-fishing in my place, we are usually encouraged to go skating and playing basketball. I believe my dad when he tells us to use our time constructively since it keeps us off doing bad things. Additionally, remaining active makes us discover our talents. Just like Norman, I am the eldest in our family and my father makes sure that I take care of my younger brothers and sisters when we are out. Although my younger siblings are now grown up and responsible for their own actions, I am always held accountable, like Norman, to their actions. However, I like it since it makes me grow responsible with time. It is unfortunate that Paul chose to drop all the religious attributes that he had learned and chose to drink and gamble instead. It seems that there were no values at all learnt by Paul or rather he erodes them through his way of life. The movie depicts that abundant life is a matter of the little choices we make every day that give us true happiness. Although Paul enjoyed in his drinking sprees with his friends, this was not true happiness and he was headed for doom. Paul represents the people in the family who refuse to follow family values and end up less productive and useful in life. My cousin, just like Paul, became hooked on online video gaming when he went to college. He was not able to concentrate on his studies in the first two years and in the process got poor grades. We could not understand why he changed to such a destructive behaviour despite being brought up on good family values. Although he seemed to enjoy gaming just as Paul enjoyed drinking with his friends, I do not think that he was having true happiness. Paul was just having an i llusion that he was having the best of life when he was drinking. Likewise, my cousin thought he was having fun with gaming. Luckily, my cousin realised his bad and destructive behaviour when he went to third year and started concentrating on his studies. Otherwise, he would have ended up destroyed just like Paul. In conclusion, the movie A river runs through it leaves a long lasting impression in the mind of the viewers. The movie is indeed one of the best movies that teach the importance of good values in life. The film is a good

Cap task#3c Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words - 1

Cap task#3c - Term Paper Example It is therefore very important for the hospital management to consider introduction of an image segmentation facility to help with early warning of breast cancer, because this is literary the key to improve breast cancer diagnosis in the hospital. Image segmentation use contours or the region they are position on to find the features of an image. One of the most common screening methods used by radiologists in analysis of the mammograms is X-ray mammography. This technique is very importance in detection of the presence or absence of lesions from the mammograms (Stems, 1996). It is, however, becomes extremely difficult to detect breast cancer during its early stages because its presence is especially restrained and unsteady. As such, if only experiences are diagnosed, radiologists and doctors can easily fail to detect the presence of abnormality. Having said that, the doctors and radiologists can rely on computer aided screening technology to get a more effective and reliable diagnosis (Sheng, Hong and Enmin, 2011). The aim of having such a computer aided imaging technique is to ensure an accurate segmentation of medical images. This process involves use of different criteria to segment different areas of an image (Chang and Teng, 2007). Use of mammography images in breast cancer image segmentation is a tasking procedure tho ugh its accuracy is essential for screening of tumors as well as classification of tissue for early discovery of breast abnormalities. Although it is not perfect, mammography imaging is recommended for this project because of it is essentially the most efficient imaging method (Guido and Nico, 1999). For women without symptoms, Mammography imaging is believed to detect between 80% and 90% of the breast cancer. A precise image segmentation of the mammography images is very crucial for a computer aided equipment to perform accurate diagnosis. The type of the equipment used is one of

Integrated Marketing Communications Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Integrated Marketing Communications - Essay Example Various methods of communication such as billboard advertising and radio advertising and messages are linked together in a systematic and integrated manner. All promotional tools are harmonized together in the advertising chosen by a particular company. (Fill, 2009, p.5). Promotion tools include methods of advertising, personal selling, customer care relations, database marketing, consumer and sales promotional, sponsorship and public relations. These promotional tools aim at making the consumers aware of the products that the company is offering in the market and the benefits of using these products. Basic components of integrated marketing include foundation, advertising means, promotional means, and integration methods and foundation is laid on the objectives of brand management and corporate image (Schultz, Tannenbaum, & Lauterborn, 1992, p 61). It is important for the organization to put forward effective tools of promotion, which help the organization design messages that will promote organization products in the media such as offers, gifts and personal selling messages in the radios, television and print media (Pickton & Broderick, 2005, p 48). Benefits of Using Integrated Marketing Communication According to Smith and Taylor (2004, p 85), Customers act in a specialized manner when they only buy things that they require. When the organization gets to know what customer wants through direct selling the organization will increase production on these particular goods and reduce wastage of resources. The customers’ needs and wants better gets to be well known by organization creating image awareness (Schultz and Schult 2004, p 36). Organizations are able to create a better customer satisfaction and protection by creating a customer database that they will use in their research and analysis (Fill, 2009, p.8). Databases are important in helping Organizations to create strategies that lead to increased sales. Apple Inc. for instance, has a well-developed database within which it lists all its products and their prices hence ensure high quality products and services. Ludi and Bird (2005, p.63) asserts that marketing communication helps organizations to attain competitive advantage over its competitors. When an organization gets to know the customer needs and wants it will be in a better position to create messages that will attract and retain customers. Advantages of the organization gaining a competitive advantage over its competitors are that the organization will experience increased sales, which will in turn increase profits (Hackley 2010, p. 25). Integrated marketing communication will enable organizations to choose a media that will help save organizations management time, stress as well as money. The media chosen will also save money and time for the customer (Hobson 2008, 42). In this regards, many organizations will prefer commercial adverts than any other since they are very economical. Coca Cola Company uses so much of co mmercial adverts to reach to its customers. Wal-Mart as well advertises its goods and products through various media but prefers commercial TV adverts as they give a better picture. Organisations gain competitive advantage by creating value in their products and the image of the company as well as producing low costs goods due to the reduced costs of production especially the advertising costs. In most cases, the advertising c

Racial Discrimination in the Criminal Justice System

Racial Discrimination in the Criminal Justice System Racial conflict is defined as societal controversies related to variances in ethnic, cultural, or national affiliation. Specifically, racial conflict is the result of one dominant cultures control of differing cultures through economics, politics, social policy, and law. In the U.S. juvenile and criminal justice systems, the term racial conflict can be used to refer to discriminatory practices by those who work in the juvenile and criminal justice systems against minority persons (Akers Sellers, 2004). Recent literature expanding the racial conflict concern to include U.S. policy, murder as the result of identity internalizations, and merchant-consumer relationships is not discussed here (Walker et al., 2004). Instead, this paper examines the literature depicting racial conflict as a systemic and controversial topic in the juvenile and criminal justice systems. Body Historical accounts of violent racial conflict have existed since before the 1800s and up to the present day. Likewise, the relationship between racial conflict, crime, and minority processing has been examined (Baldus, Woodworth, 1998). In addition to its explaining why some people commit crime, racial conflict has also been linked to disparate decision-making practices at both the arrest and the punishment stages for ethnic minorities. Specifically, African American males represent the most prevalent minority group at each of these stages. Empirical findings show that disproportionate minority confinement exists partly as the result of police discretion to arrest. Accordingly, minorities, particularly African Americans, find themselves at a disadvantage in the criminal justice system. Recent accounts of racial conflict in the criminal justice system came to the fore during the 1992 riots after a verdict of not guilty was returned for the officers involved in the Rodney King incident in Los Angeles, California. More recently, in 2005, racial conflict was linked to the governments response and policies after Hurricane Katrina in New orleans, Louisiana (Spohn, 2002). Specifically, victims of this natural disaster were outraged at the lack of governmental support and the assignment of the label refugee to American survivors in this largely minority populated area. To some, the use of the term refugee was symbolic of the perception that the survivors were outsiders to begin with. This was seized on by the national media, and the survivors were quickly recast as evacuees. Similar to disparities in the adult justice system, minority disparities in the juvenile justice system exist. Specifically, African American youth, similar to their adult counterparts, are disproportionately represented throughout the system. on one hand, criminologists argue that ethnic and racial minorities commit more crimes than their White counterparts and thereby have greater representation in the system. on the other hand, criminologists and sociologists argue that racial conflict in American society acts interchangeably with the law as a method to control minority power. Thus, as a result, disparities are found in arrest, charge, and confinement of African American youth when compared to White youth who commit the same serious and violent criminal acts. The larger implication here is consistent with the belief that racial conflict is supported and maintained by actors in the juvenile and criminal justice systems (Walker et al., 2004). Racial Conflict and Justice Research on the relationship between racial conflict and crime commission has examined interracial killings, economic and power competition, and disparities within the criminal justice system (Zatz, 2000). Racial conflict has been linked to delinquent behavior by juveniles and has been linked to school violence, juvenile homicide, gangs, theft, and other serious and violent crimes. one of the more engrossing questions facing criminologists and indeed our nation is whether the two justice systems are impartial. Criminologists have studied the relationship between judicial processes and discrimination, and some evidence suggests that ethnic minorities are overrepresented at arrest and, when compared to White offenders, are punished more severely. Similar results were found in examinations of pretrial processes where racial injustices in jury selection and judge bias against minorities were present. Whether or not African Americans and other ethnic minorities are overrepresented in the criminal justice system is not a question here, as official data provide a clear depiction of this disparity (Spohn, 2002). The concern here is, however, focused on why racial disparities continue to exist in the juvenile and criminal justice systems. The existence of conflicts between police and racial/ethnic minorities has historically been related to riots that are often the result of racial conflict. Many researchers argue that juvenile and adult processing of ethnic minorities as the result of racial conflict continues and is maintained by the continuous cycle of analyses, recommendations, and inaction that have resulted in ineffective identification and reduction of racial disparities. Contrary to this argument, other researchers point out that racial disparities exist largely as the result of serious and violent offending patterns of ethnic minorities. Conclusion The literature is filled with options for reducing racial conflict in the criminal justice system. The argument is made that to effectively address racial conflict, research should be conducted at each stage of processing so as to increase the level of accountability of officials and agencies within jurisdictions where racial disparities continue to exist. others stipulate that researchers must identify the problem, change and create policies that effectively address the real concerns, and implement and fund programs dependent upon evaluative measures. At the theoretical level, many criminologists recognize that extensive changes within both the juvenile and the criminal justice systems are needed to address prejudices in the system that exist as the result of policies and practices. Hence, the argument of racial conflict and discrimination in the criminal justice system remains unresolved. Conflict theorists believe racial conflict is the reason for minority differences in criminal and even juvenile justice processing. Even so, differing arguments are presented stipulating that the empirical nature of racism is not measurable and thus is questionable. While there are two dominant opinions, it remains evident that many researchers hold the view that racial disparities as the result of racial conflict continue to exist and should be addressed in juvenile and criminal justice processing.

Death as a Major Player in William Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet :: William Shakespeare Romeo and Juliet

Death as a Major Player Death plays a key role in Romeo and Juliet. During the story, six deaths occur that fashion Shakespeare’s publication into the calamity that’s known around the world. Each death pushes the story forward continuously, leading to the finale where the two lovers die due to love and hate from both feuding families. Mercutio, the joker and comic relief of the play, dies first and foremost. Tybalt spies Romeo at Lord Capulet’s extravaganza and vows to continue his fighting match by saying: â€Å"I will withdraw; but this intrusion shall, Now seeming sweet, convert to bitt’rest gall† (I, V, 93-95) Determined to duel with Romeo, in Act Three, Scene 1, he challenges the Montague but Romeo declines fighting with his brother-in-law, saying: â€Å"I do protest I never injured thee, But love thee better than thou canst devise† (III, 1,67-68), His statement means he doesn’t want to cause Tybalt any harm but would rather leave the scene. Mercutio steps in for Romeo, Romeo comes between them, and Tybalt’s sword stabs Mercutio when Romeo was holding Mercutio back. As Mercutio lays wounded and waiting for a surgeon, he blames Romeo for his injury saying, â€Å"Why the devil came you between us? I was hurt under your arm.† (III, I, 103-105) Soon following, Romeo learns that Mercutio is dead by Benvolio who says: â€Å"O Romeo, Romeo, brave Mercutio is dead! That gallant spirit haths aspired the clouds, Which too untimely here did scorn the earth.† (III, I, 118 – 120) Romeo, enraged at the killing of one of his dearest friends, challenges Tybalt to a fight for revenge, saying: â€Å"Now Tybalt, take the ‘villain’ back again That late thou gavest me; for Mercutio’s soul Is but a little way above our heads, Staying for thine to keep him company. Either thou or I, or both, must go with him.† (III, I, 127 – 131) Tybalt takes up the challenge and the Capulet falls to the ground, dead by Romeo’s sword. Benvolio tells everyone including the Prince what has happened later saying: â€Å"There lies the man, (Tybalt) slain by young Romeo, That slew thy kinsman, brave Mercutio.† (III, I, 146 – 147)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  With Romeo banished and Juliet acting as if she was dead in the Capulet family tomb, Paris comes to her grave to mourn the loss of his fiancee. On the path of the family tomb, he spots a torch and puts his own out to listen the stranger, saying:

Herberts Metaphysical Poems Essay -- Herbert Metaphysical Poems Essay

Herbert's Metaphysical Poems In the first portion of The Temple, specifically Perirrhanterium, Herbert prescribes the didactics necessary for the instruction of the catechumen in a simple, straightforward manner. As the reader moves into the main section of The Church, the author’s poetic wit becomes more complex in both its style and depth of topic. Although the starkness of the messages in Herbert’s metaphysical poems is not as palpable as those of the Church Porch, their ability to teach both abstractly and visually affords them a didactic nature much like the parables of Christ. In basic parabolic structure, the speaker conveys a heavenly message through the simpler and more easily digestible use of an earthly comparison, such as the parable of the sower in Matthew 13, which compares the productivity of seeds to the growth of Christians. Christ presents a divine truth in the basic analogy of a parable, as the OED describes it: â€Å"A fictitious narrative (usually of something that might naturally occur), by which moral or spiritual relations are typically set forth, as the parables of the New Testament.† Herbert utilizes a similar strategy in his poetic comparisons, often taking the process a step further by including visual cues to aid the reader in his understanding of the message; as Bloch points out, â€Å"his larger purpose†¦was to teach like the prophets in a nondiscursive way, to present symbols that the reader could experience in all their constrictions and expansions† (206). Three examples of Herbert’s use of the parabolic structure in his metaphysical poems include â€Å"Easter Wings,† â€Å"Paradise,† and â€Å"Heaven.† The author’s mastery of the metaphysical conceit is evident in each work as he leads the re... ...s. ed. John Tobin. London: Penguin Group, 2004. 38. ---. "Heaven." George Herbert: The Complete English Poems. ed. John Tobin. London: Penguin Group, 2004. 177. ---. "Paradise." George Herbert: The Complete English Poems. ed. John Tobin. London: Penguin Group, 2004. 124. King James Bible, 1611. New York: Oxford U.P., 1996. Rickey, Mary. Utmost Art. Kentucky: U. of Kentucky P., 1966. 35-181. Singleton, Marion. God's Courtier. Cambridge: Cambridge U. P., 1987. 100-02. Stein, Arnold. George Herbert's Lyrics. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins P., 1968. 248-51 Stewart, Stanley. George Herbert. Boston: Twayne Publishers, 1986. 104-6 Toliver, Harold. George Herbert's Christian Narrative. University Park: Pennsylvania State U., 1993. 61-239. Vendler, Helen. The Poetry of George Herbert. Cambridge: Harvard U.P., 1975. 222-28.